在巴西設立子公司之前，您需要考慮所涉及的時間範圍，並徹底審查該國子公司法律的每個方面。
如何成立巴西子公司
You can choose from various types of corporate structures when establishing a Brazil subsidiary. The most common include Sociedade Limitada (Ltda.) and Sociedade Anônima (S.A.). Once you decide on a Brazil subsidiary structure, you must:
- 成立公司；團體組織的檔案文件。
- Register with the competent state Commercial Register (Junta Comercial), unless the entity type must register with a Civil Registry of Legal Entities.
- 取得稅號。
- 建立您自己的巴西簽證和銀行帳戶。
- 向市政當局申請營業執照，以便在轄區內開展業務。
- Register with Brazil’s Inscricao Estadual to pay taxes.
Newly formed companies may also need to apply for authorization to issue Notas Fiscais (AIDF), which allows you to print taxable documents, use and manufacture security forms, and more.
即使您沒有任何員工，您可能需要在開始營運後的30天內向巴西社會安全局 (INSS) 註冊。
巴西附屬法
Brazil subsidiary laws do not require companies to have more than one shareholder or “quotaholder” to establish a Sociedade Limitada. A single-member Ltda. is commonly called a Sociedade Limitada Unipessoal and may be formed with one sole quotaholder. however, depending on your business model, you still might decide to have more than 1 shareholder. You can also incorporate a Sociedade Limitada using Articles of Association — locally known as Contrato Social — by complying with regional registration requirements.
At least one Brazil-resident administrator must generally manage the Sociedade Limitada, whether they are a quotaholder or not. Quotaholders should appoint this person in the Articles of Association or another corporate document.
You must also produce annual accounts for quotaholder approval, typically at an Annual Quotaholders’ Meeting or through a written quotaholder resolution. The minutes from that meeting must be publicly filed at the Commercial Registry in Brazil.
成立巴西子公司的好處
與開設分公司相比，在巴西設立子公司可能更具優勢。任何國際公司都可以投資、合作或成為巴西公司的股東，使該公司成為其子公司。該子公司將完全受巴西子公司法律的約束，並像其他巴西公司一樣運作。
Opening a branch, on the other hand, generally requires prior authorization from the Brazilian federal government. The competent authority may vary with current federal structures and regulated sectors may need additional approvals. The National Department of Trade Registration (DNRC) must evaluate the request. Due to this complexity, most third-party companies prefer setting up a subsidiary over opening a branch.
A Sociedade Limitada is usually the simplest and most flexible type of company you can start in Brazil. As a limited liability company, the parent company typically is not liable for any debts, litigation, or other compliance issues. You can also operate under a certain degree of independence from the parent company. The subsidiary in Brazil can run the business differently than the parent company to align with the country’s cultural customs.
其他重要注意事項
You will need a significant amount of time to set up your Brazil subsidiary. On average, the setup process takes about 6–12 weeks. Complex or delayed cases can take more than 3 months. Although, because Brazil’s laws differ by state, opening a company in one region may be easier than in another region.
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