G-P の Employer of Record (EOR) モデルを使用すると、貴社は当社のグローバル エンティティ インフラストラクチャを通じて数分で人材の採用を開始できます。 プロフェッショナル雇用主組織（PEO）とは異なり、G-Pは、エンティティのセットアップと管理の手間をかけずに、グローバルフットプリントを拡大することができます。
G-P EOR Prime™やG-P EOR Core™を含む当社のグローバル雇用製品は、業界最大の人事および法務専門家チームによって支援されています。 当社は、コンプライアンスに準拠したグローバル展開の複雑さの高まりに対処します。そのため、お客様は今後の機会に集中できます。
グローバルEORの専門家として、給与、雇用契約のベストプラクティス、法定および市場規範の福利厚生、従業員の経費、退職および解雇を管理します。 すべての雇用を支援する雇用の専門家チームがついていると考えると、安心していただけるでしょう。 G-Pは、世界180か国以上の最も優秀な人材を迅速かつ簡単に活用することができます。
米国での雇用
Contract negotiation is part of the process when a company wants to hire an employee in the U.S. Employees are likely to do a considerable amount of research on salary trends before they are offered a position and often come to the table ready to negotiate.
Salary information is easily available through sources such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Occupational Outlook Handbook, which also provides expected employment growth for a wide variety of positions. In addition, pay transparency laws in some states require salary information to be included within the job posting – and it’s not uncommon for companies within states that do not require this to also make salary information publicly available.
米国における雇用契約
In the majority of the U.S. employment is typically on an “at-will” basis. “At-will” means that an employee is free to quit or leave their job at any time, for any reason, without notice. It also means that an employer is free to terminate an employee for any reason, at any time, without notice. “For any reason” does have some exceptions on the part of the employer. An employer can’t fire a person for an unlawful reason, including on the basis of their sex, race, religion, age, mental or physical disabilities, or national origin under the country’s Equal Opportunity Employment laws. Some states prohibit terminations based on additional reasons such as gender and sexual orientation or expression. The only state in the U.S. with limited at-will employment is Montana. In Montana, to terminate a worker after their probationary period of up to 18 months, an employer needs a specific cause.
Although many workers in the U.S. are at-will, the language in an employee’s contract ultimately defines the relationship between employee and employer. For example, an employee might sign a contract with a company that stipulates they can only be terminated for cause. The contract can then detail the causes that could lead to the employee’s termination.
Contracts in the U.S. can take multiple forms. いずれの形態の契約にも法的効力がありますが、他よりも証明が容易な形態があります。 For example, a written contract between the employer and employee might be the most desirable for either party. With a written contract, the terms of employment are clearly spelled out, including the person’s salary, benefits, and their expected working hours. A written contract can also describe whether a person is an at-will employee or not.
Oral contracts and implied contracts are also legally enforceable in the U.S. but create more disputes and are more difficult to prove if either party needs to take legal action against the other. When a contract is merely a verbal agreement between an employer and employee, it often comes down to one person’s word against the other’s.
Working hours in the U.S.
米国の標準的な週間労働時間は40時間です。 The average employee works 8 hours a day, 5 days a week (Monday through Friday). However, there is a considerable amount of variation among jobs. 中には週40時間未満のパートタイムのポストもあります。 また、40時間を超えて働かなければならない職種もあり、1週間に40時間を超えて働いた従業員には残業代を支払う可能性があります。
上級一般職は、週に何時間働いても残業の対象にはなりません。 Employees who are exempt from overtime laws typically include those in managerial or executive positions, some administrative positions, creative jobs, and professional positions. Exempt employees receive a salary rather than an hourly wage.
Holidays in the U.S.
The U.S. recognizes 8 holidays as federal holidays:
- New Year’s Day (January 1st)
- Memorial Day (4th Monday in May)
- Juneteenth (June 19th)
- Independence Day (July 4th)
- Labor Day (First Monday in September)
- Thanksgiving Day (4th Thursday in November)
- Day after Thanksgiving Day (4th Friday in November)
- クリスマス（12月日25th）
連邦政府の従業員はこれらの日が休日になります。 銀行、郵便局、官公庁なども連邦政府の祝日を休日としています。 State governments may have additional holidays that they observe. 民間の雇用主は同様にする必要はありませんが、多くの雇用主は同じく休日にしており、従業員に祝日の有給休暇を与えるか、その日に休暇を取得することを選択できるようにしています。
Vacation days in the U.S.
With few exceptions, vacation leave is not required by law in the U.S. However, it is a common benefit decided on an individual basis between employees and employers.
U.S. sick leave
The U.S. generally does not require employers to provide employees with paid sick leave. If an employee does need to take time off due to illness, they are allowed to up to 12 weeks of unpaid sick leave per year, under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA). The Act applies to companies with more than 50 employees within a 75-mile area. FMLAに基づく休暇を取得するには、従業員は直近12か月間にその会社で1,250時間以上働いている必要があります。
Although employers aren’t legally required to offer paid sick leave to their team, it is one of the more common benefits for employees in the U.S. Paid time off for illness is more common at larger companies and at companies in the public sector. 米国の一部の州および地方自治体では、連邦政府が定めていないにもかかわらず、特定の有給病気休暇法が定められています。 The laws vary from state to state or among counties or cities in the same state, and might cover full-time, part-time, and seasonal employees in some areas or only full-time employees in others.
Maternity/paternity leave in the U.S.
When a person gives birth or adds a child to their family, they are allowed to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid time off, under the FMLA, provided the employer has at least 50 employees within 75 miles and provided the employee has worked at least 1,250 hours over the past 12 months.
米国は世界でもごく少数の、有給育児休暇を義務付けていない国の1つです。 米国では、母親や父親の産休のための有給休暇を連邦法で正式に義務付けてはいませんが、いくつかの州では有給育児休暇を義務付けています。 Additionally, some companies offer it as a way to be competitive and foster a workplace that’s desirable to talent.
Health insurance in the U.S.
Although employers in the U.S. aren’t required to provide health insurance benefits to employees, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) penalizes certain employers who fail to do so. 健康保険に関する規則や期待値は、雇用主の規模によって異なります。 Generally, companies that employ more than 50 people are expected to follow different rules compared to companies that employ less than 50 people.
The ACA also introduced tax credits for small businesses to help make the cost of health insurance coverage more affordable.
U.S. supplementary benefits
An employer might offer additional employee benefits that are not required by law in the U.S. Some common supplemental benefits an employer might make available are:
- Defined benefit plans, also called pensions.
- Defined contribution plans, such as 401(k) or 403(b) retirement plans.
- Flexible scheduling.
- Life insurance benefits.
- Childcare assistance.
ボーナス
In the U.S., bonuses are not required by law. Bonuses are payments employers make to employees in addition to their normal earnings to incentivize them to achieve certain outcomes or accomplish specific goals. An employer might reward an employee for going above and beyond with their work or for succeeding during a particularly challenging situation. 多くの場合は年末や冬休みに、チームメンバーにボーナスを支給する会社もあります。 これらのボーナスは、従業員のその年の総合的な業績や、会社そのものの業績に基づいて支給される可能性があります。
多くのボーナスは現金で支給されますが、必ずしも現金である必要はありません。 仕事がうまくいった従業員にギフトカードその他の賞品を贈る会社もあります。
Termination/severance in the U.S.
At-will employees in the U.S. can be terminated at any time without notice, and for any reason so long as the reason is not unlawful. Although some employers might give notice, it is not legally required to do so. An employee who wishes to leave their position might also give notice, such as 30 days or 2 weeks, but is not legally required to do so.
会社の予算削減など、「自分のせいではない」理由で解雇された従業員は、政府から失業手当を受ける資格がある場合があります。 A person needs to meet specific requirements to qualify to receive unemployment benefits, such as actively looking for a new job. この手当は永続的なものではなく、通常は数か月で終了します。
雇用主の健康保険に加入している従業員は、解雇されてもすぐにその保険が打ち切られるわけではありません。 Under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA), a former employee can continue to use their former employer’s health insurance for 18 months at an increased amount. また、特別加入期間が設けられ、自分で個人保険や家族保険を探し始めることができます。
While severance is not legally required, some employers negotiate a severance package with the employees they are laying off in exchange for a release, or an employee may negotiate these terms with a company when they are first hired.
Paying taxes in the U.S.
Employers in the U.S. are responsible for withholding certain taxes from their employees’ pay and paying certain taxes every quarter. Payroll taxes in the U.S. include Social Security tax and Medicare tax, which is paid by both the employee and the employer. The rate for Social Security tax is 6.2%, and the Medicare tax rate is 1.45% for both employee and employer. また、雇用主は各従業員の連邦失業税を支払う義務があります。
米国では、雇用主は従業員の給与から連邦所得税を源泉徴収する必要はありませんが、チームメンバーの便宜を考えて、多くの雇用主が源泉徴収を行っています。 Depending on the location of the employer, many also withhold state and local income taxes.
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